Nyanja Yofiirazovuta zitha kusokoneza kutumiza padziko lonse lapansi,
Nyanja Yofiira,

▍Kodi CB Certification ndi chiyani?

IECEE CB ndiye njira yoyamba yapadziko lonse lapansi yovomerezera malipoti oyesa chitetezo cha zida zamagetsi.NCB (National Certification Body) ifika pa mgwirizano wamayiko osiyanasiyana, womwe umathandizira opanga kuti apeze ziphaso zadziko kuchokera kumayiko ena omwe ali mamembala pansi pa dongosolo la CB potengera kusamutsa chimodzi mwa ziphaso za NCB.

Satifiketi ya CB ndi chikalata chovomerezeka cha CB choperekedwa ndi NCB yovomerezeka, chomwe ndikudziwitsa NCB ina kuti zitsanzo zomwe zayesedwa zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zikufunika.

Monga mtundu wa lipoti lokhazikika, lipoti la CB limalemba zofunikira kuchokera ku IEC wamba ndi chinthu.Lipoti la CB silimangopereka zotsatira za mayeso onse ofunikira, kuyeza, kutsimikizira, kuyang'anira ndi kuwunika momveka bwino komanso mosadziwika bwino, komanso kuphatikiza zithunzi, chithunzi chozungulira, zithunzi ndi malongosoledwe azinthu.Malinga ndi lamulo la CB scheme, lipoti la CB siligwira ntchito mpaka litapereka satifiketi ya CB palimodzi.

▍Nchifukwa chiyani timafunikira CB Certification?

1. Chindunjilykuzindikirazedi or kuvomerezaedmwamembalamayiko

Ndi satifiketi ya CB ndi lipoti la mayeso a CB, malonda anu amatha kutumizidwa kumayiko ena mwachindunji.

1. Sinthani kumayiko ena ziphaso

Satifiketi ya CB imatha kusinthidwa mwachindunji kukhala satifiketi ya mayiko omwe ali mamembala ake, popereka satifiketi ya CB, lipoti la mayeso ndi lipoti loyesa kusiyana (ngati kuli koyenera) osabwereza mayeso, omwe angafupikitse nthawi yotsogolera yotsimikizira.

1. Onetsetsani Chitetezo cha Zamalonda

Mayeso a certification a CB amawona kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kwa chinthucho komanso chitetezo chodziwikiratu chikagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.Chitsimikizo chotsimikizika chimatsimikizira zokhutiritsa zofunikira zachitetezo.

▍Chifukwa chiyani MCM?

● Ziyeneretso:MCM ndiye CBTL yoyamba yovomerezeka ya IEC 62133 yovomerezeka ndi TUV RH ku China.

● Chitsimikizo ndi kuthekera koyesa:MCM ili m'gulu loyamba loyesa ndi kutsimikizira chipani chachitatu pa muyezo wa IEC62133, ndipo yamaliza kuyesa kwa batri 7000 IEC62133 ndi malipoti a CB kwa makasitomala apadziko lonse lapansi.

● Thandizo laukadaulo:MCM ili ndi akatswiri opitilira 15 odziwika bwino pakuyesa malinga ndi muyezo wa IEC 62133.MCM imapatsa makasitomala chithandizo chokwanira, cholondola, chotsekeka chaukadaulo komanso zidziwitso zotsogola.

TheNyanja Yofiirandi njira yokhayo yoti zombo ziziyenda pakati pa nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Indian Ocean.Ili pamphambano ya makontinenti awiri a Asia ndi Africa.Mapeto ake akummwera akulumikiza Nyanja ya Arabia ndi Indian Ocean kudzera mu Bab el-Mandeb Strait, ndipo mapeto ake kumpoto amalumikizana ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi Atlantic Ocean kudzera mu Suez Canal.Njira yodutsa mumsewu wa Bab el-Mandeb, Nyanja Yofiira ndi Suez Canal ndi imodzi mwanjira zodutsamo kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.Mtsinje wa Suez pakali pano uyenera kukhala mtsempha waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka pamene Panama Canal ikukumana ndi kusowa kwa madzi kwambiri komanso kuchepa kwa kayendedwe kake.Monga njira yayikulu yoyendetsera mayendedwe a Asia-Europe, Asia-Mediterranean, ndi Asia-Eastern United States, Suez Canal, kukhudzidwa kwake pazamalonda padziko lonse lapansi ndi kutumiza ndi kofunika kwambiri.Malinga ndi Neue Zürcher Zeitung, pafupifupi 12% ya mayendedwe onyamula katundu padziko lonse lapansi amadutsa Nyanja Yofiira ndi Suez Canal. Chiyambireni mkangano watsopano wa Palestine ndi Israeli, gulu lankhondo la Yemen la Houthi lakhala likuukira Israeli pafupipafupi. maziko a "kuthandizira Palestine" ndipo akhala akuukira zombo "zogwirizana ndi Israeli" pa Nyanja Yofiira.Poganizira nkhani zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira za zombo zamalonda zomwe zikuwukiridwa pafupi ndi Red Sea-Mandeb Strait, zimphona zambiri zotumizira padziko lonse lapansi - Swiss Mediterranean, Danish Maersk, French CMA CGM, Germany Hapag-Lloyd, ndi zina zambiri zalengeza kuti zipewe Red Njira ya m'nyanja.Pofika pa Disembala 18, 2023, makampani asanu otsogola padziko lonse lapansi alengeza kuti ayimitsa kuyenda panyanja ya Red Sea-Suez.Kuphatikiza apo, COSCO, Orient Overseas Shipping (OOCL) ndi Evergreen Marine Corporation (EMC) adanenanso kuti zombo zawo zapamadzi zidzayimitsa kuyenda mu Nyanja Yofiira.Pakadali pano, makampani akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi otumizira makontena ayamba kapena atsala pang'ono kuyimitsa kuyenda panjira ya Red Sea-Suez.
Vuto la Nyanja Yofiira laletsa kusungitsa misewu yopita kumadzulo ku East Asia, kuphatikiza ku Middle East, Red Sea, North Africa, Black Sea, kum'mawa kwa Mediterranean, kumadzulo kwa Mediterranean ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Europe.
Vuto lomwe anthu ambiri akukumana nalo pakali pano, kuwonjezera pa kukwera mtengo, ndi kusowa kwa malo.Kuchuluka kwamakampani otumiza katundu ndi kolimba, zonyamula zam'nyanja zakwera kwambiri, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu m'mabokosi opanda kanthu kwapangitsa kuti katundu wambiri wowopsa (wokhala ndi batri ya lithiamu) akane kusungitsa.Chofunika kwambiri ndi katundu wamba m'bwato.Njira zotumizira zombo zayamba kuchititsa kuti katundu wopita ku Nyanja Yofiira ayendetsedwe ku Cape of Good Hope.Izi zikutanthauza kuti katundu woyambirira ayenera kusinthidwa ndipo nthawi yoyendetsa iyenera kuwonjezedwa.
Ngati wogula sakugwirizana ndi kusokoneza, adzafunsidwa kuti atulutse katunduyo ndikubwezera chidebecho.Ngati chidebecho chikhala chokhazikika, ndalama zowonjezera zogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali ziyenera kulipidwa.Zikumveka kuti US $ 1,700 yowonjezera idzalipitsidwa pachidebe chilichonse cha 20 mapazi, ndipo US $ 2,600 yowonjezera idzalipitsidwa pachidebe chilichonse cha 40 mapazi.