Chaka cha 2000 chisanafike, Japan idatenga malo otsogola pamsika wamagetsi wapadziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, m'zaka za zana la 21, mabizinesi a mabatire aku China ndi aku Korea adakwera mwachangu ndi zabwino zotsika mtengo, zomwe zidakhudza kwambiri Japan, ndipo gawo la msika wapadziko lonse lapansi wamakampani aku Japan a mabatire adayamba kuchepa. Poyang'anizana ndi kuti mpikisano wamakampani a mabatire aku Japan ukuchepa pang'onopang'ono, boma la Japan lidapereka njira zoyenera nthawi zambiri zolimbikitsira chitukuko chamakampani a batri.

• Mu 2012, Japan idatulutsa Battery Strategy, kuyika cholinga cha msika wapadziko lonse wa Japan kufika 50% pofika 2020.
• Mu 2014, Auto Industry Strategy 2014 idalengezedwa kuti ifotokoze malo ofunikira a batire pakupanga magalimoto amagetsi.
• Mu 2018, "Fifth Energy Basic Plan" idatulutsidwa, ndikugogomezera kufunika kwa mabatire pomanga machitidwe amagetsi a "decarbonization".
• Mu mtundu watsopano wa 2050 Carbon Neutralization Green Growth Strategy mu 2021, makampani opanga mabatire ndi magalimoto adalembedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwamafakitale 14 otukuka.

Mu Ogasiti 2022, Unduna wa Zachuma, Zamalonda ndi Zamakampani (METI) udatulutsa mtundu watsopano wa Battery Industry Strategy, womwe udafotokozera mwachidule zomwe zidachitika komanso maphunziro amakampani aku Japan aku Japan kuyambira kukhazikitsidwa kwa Battery Strategy mu 2012, ndikukonza malamulo oyendetsera bwino komanso ukadaulo mapu.

Gawo lamsika la mabatire amagetsi amakampani aku Japan latsika.

Thandizo lazachuma la mabatire ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana.

Maboma a mayiko akuluakulu agwiritsa ntchito mfundo zazikulu zothandizira mabatire. Kuphatikiza apo, Europe ndi United States alimbikitsa maunyolo okhazikika a batire kudzera munjira zoletsa komanso zamisonkho.

US

• 100-day lithiamu battery supply chain review;
• ¡ US $ 2.8 biliyoni pothandizira kupanga mabatire apanyumba ndi kupanga mchere;
• Zogulitsa zomwe zili ndi gawo lalikulu la zida za batri ndi zida zogulidwa ku North America kapena mayiko omwe ali ndi makontrakitala a FTA azitsatiridwa ndi msonkho wa EV, malinga ndi Inflation Reduction Act.

Europe

• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa European Battery Alliance (EBA) ndi makampani a 500;
• Battery, chuma fakitale thandizo ndalama ndi luso chitukuko thandizo;
• Malire a Carbon footprint, kafukufuku wamchere wodalirika, ndi zoletsa zobwezeretsanso zinthu pansi pa (EU) 2023/1542.

South Korea

• 'K Battery Development Strategy': zolimbikitsa misonkho, mpumulo wamisonkho

China

• Kulimbikitsa magalimoto atsopano;
• Thandizo la mafakitale a batri ndi kuchepetsa msonkho wa msonkho (kuchokera pa 25 peresenti mpaka 15 peresenti) kwa makampani omwe amakwaniritsa mfundo zina.

Kulingalira za ndondomeko zakale

• Pakalipano ndondomeko ya batri ndi njira yoyamba ndiyo kuyang'ana pa ndalama mu chitukuko chonse cha batri cholimba.
• M'zaka zaposachedwa, mothandizidwa ndi maboma, mabizinesi aku China ndi Korea adagwirana ndi Japan muukadaulo wa lithiamu-ion batire (LiB), makamaka pankhani ya mtengo, yomwe yaposa Japan pakupikisana padziko lonse lapansi. Mpikisano wamalonda ndi wabizinesi padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza ku Europe ndi United States, ukukula kwambiri. Ngakhale kupita patsogolo kwapangidwa pakukula kwaukadaulo kwa mabatire amtundu uliwonse, pali zovuta zomwe zikuyenera kuthetsedwa mtsogolomo, ndipo zikuyembekezeredwa kuti msika wamadzimadzi wa LiB upitilira kwakanthawi.
• Makampani aku Japan amangoganizira za msika wapakhomo, osaganizira zakukula kwa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi. Mwanjira imeneyi, mabatire amtundu uliwonse asanayambe kugwira ntchito, makampani aku Japan adzakhala atatopa ndipo atha kuchoka pamsika.

Njira yotsatsira mtsogolo

1. Wonjezerani ndikuyeretsa mfundo zapakhomo kuti mukhazikitse mphamvu yaku Japan yopanga 150GWh pofika 2030

• Bungwe la Battery Industry Association (BAJ) likhazikitsanso mgwirizano wambiri ndi mabungwe monga Japan Electrical Industries Association (JEMA), pofuna kuchepetsa ndalama ndi kuonjezera mtengo wowonjezera wa mankhwala, ndi kulimbikitsa kafukufuku wophatikiza ma batri.
• Bungwe la Japan Battery Supply Chain Association (BASC) liwona momwe makampani omwe ali mamembala akuyendera posachedwapa, kuti alimbikitse boma ndi mabungwe azinsinsi kuti alimbikitse limodzi kugulitsa mabatire apanyumba ndi zinthu zopangira zinthu.
• Kupanga zabwino zatsopano muukadaulo wopangira ma batri apamwamba komanso njira zopangira zapamwamba polimbikitsa kusintha kwa digito (DX) ndikusintha kobiriwira (GX)

1. Skupanga bwino kwa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi

• Idzachita zokambirana ndi mgwirizano ndi mayiko ambiri (zigawo) muzitsulo zapadziko lonse za mabatire, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kusinthana kwa chidziwitso, ndi kupanga malamulo okhudzana ndi kukhazikika kwa batri, ndikufulumizitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse. Kuonjezera apo, BASC imachita zokambirana ndi mgwirizano ndi magulu oyenerera kunja kwa nyanja kuchokera ku mgwirizano wa chain chain ndi mgwirizano wa mayiko. Kuonetsetsa kuperekedwa ndi kubwezeretsanso zinthu zachitsulo zamabatire, kumangidwa kwa mayankho a digito ya batri ndi zida zina zamalonda.
• Kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi, monga njira zowerengera za carbon footprint, kulimbikira, zokambirana zapadziko lonse za kukhazikika. Pamsonkhano wa IEC 63369 pa njira yowerengera ya CFP carbon footprint ya mabatire a lithiamu, BAJ idzadzipereka kukhazikitsa miyezo yomwe ikuwonetsa zomwe Japan ikunena.
• Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kovomerezeka kwa mayeso apakati apakati komanso kuyesa kuyaka (IEC 62619), BAJ ipitiliza kutsogolera zokambirana zachitetezo cha batri, magwiridwe antchito, ndi zina zambiri.
• BAJ igwirizana ndi NITE (Japan's National Technical Infrastructure for Product Evaluation) kuti ifufuze momwe mabatire amayendera komanso chitetezo. Kuphatikiza apo, JEMA iwunikanso kukwezedwa kwapadziko lonse kwa mayankho omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magwero amagetsi ogawidwa kuphatikiza mabatire opangidwa ku Japan.
• Kupititsa patsogolo kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka batri pazifukwa zatsopano ndi ntchito zina zofananira. Mwachitsanzo, kuthekera kwa msika wapadziko lonse wa zombo zamagetsi, ndege, makina aulimi, ndi zina zambiri ndikufufuza chithandizo cha mabatire kuti apeze misika yakunja ndikulimbikitsa kulowa kwa mabizinesi atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, kukwezedwa kwa V2X motsogozedwa ndi V2H (Vehicle to Home) kudzakambidwanso.

1. Onetsetsani zopezeka m'mwamba

• Kupeza chithandizo pazachuma zamakampani (kukula kwandalama ndi mfundo zina zazing'ono, kulimbikitsa ntchito yotsimikizira ngongole (kumasula zitsimikiziro zomaliza)). Kulimbitsa mgwirizano pakati pa mabizinesi ndi makampani ogwiritsa ntchito mabatire, opanga, mabungwe azachuma aboma, ndi zina zambiri, ndikuwunika mapulani omanga dongosolo lotsimikizira ufulu ndi zokonda.
• Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ufulu ndi zofuna, mgwirizano ndi mayiko okhudzidwa udzalimbikitsidwa pochita masemina a zachuma ndi misonkhano yapagulu-pagulu ndi mayiko omwe ali ndi chuma (Australia, South America, Africa, etc.) kuti ateteze ufulu ndi zokonda zakumtunda.
• Kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wa minerals. Chaka chilichonse BASC imachita kafukufuku wa mafunso ndi makampani omwe ali mamembala ngati chandamale chotsatira momwe ndalama zagwiritsidwira ntchito posachedwa.

1. Kukula kwaukadaulo wa m'badwo watsopano

• Kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku ndi chitukuko pogwiritsa ntchito mgwirizano pakati pa makampani ndi maphunziro ndi boma. Kulimbitsa chithandizo cha chitukuko cha teknoloji ya batri ya m'badwo wotsatira kudzera mu Green Innovation Fund, ndi zina zotero. ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wobwezeretsanso. Cha m'ma 2030, cholinga chake ndikuzindikira kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire amtundu uliwonse, komanso mwayi waukadaulo muukadaulo watsopano wa batri kuphatikiza mabatire atsopano (halide, mabatire a zinc anode, ndi zina).
• Kupititsa patsogolo kuyesa kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi kuwunika kwachitetezo kwa mabatire am'badwo wotsatira, ndi zina.
• Kulimbitsa mgwirizano pakati pa malo ofufuza ndi chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha anthu pa mabatire ndi mabatire am'badwo wotsatira akuphatikizidwa.

1. Pangani msika wapakhomo

• Kulimbikitsa kufalikira kwa magalimoto amagetsi. Pofika chaka cha 2035, 100% yazogulitsa zatsopano zamagalimoto onyamula anthu adzakhala magalimoto amagetsi, ndikuthandizira mwachangu kugula ndi kulipiritsa zomangamanga zamagalimoto amagetsi.
• Kulimbikitsa kutchuka kwa mabatire kuti asunge mphamvu, ndikuyesera kupitiliza kupanga zatsopano
• amagwiritsa ntchito mabatire, fufuzani malo atsopano ogwiritsira ntchito, kulimbikitsa mwatsatanetsatane kusiyanasiyana kwamisika yofunikira, ndikulimbikitsanso chitukuko chamakampani opanga mabatire.
• Ponena za njira yosungiramo mphamvu yolumikizidwa ndi dongosolo la gridi yamagetsi, poganizira kuti idzakhala gawo la zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi m'tsogolomu, BAJ idzagwirizana ndi magulu oyenerera kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha njira yosungiramo zinthu komanso chitetezo chofunikira monga mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi.

1. Limbitsani maphunziro a talente

• Kukhazikitsa "Kansai Battery Talent Training Center" m'dera la Kansai komwe mafakitale okhudzana ndi batri amakhazikika, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira zapamwamba za Kansai Development Center ndi zida zopangira batri kuti aziphunzitsa kumunda.

1. Limbikitsani kupanga mabatire apanyumba ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito

• Kukhazikitsa cholinga cha makina obwezeretsanso m'nyumba chaka cha 2030 chisanafike, kumvetsetsanso kayendedwe ka mabatire othyoledwa, limbitsa mphamvu yobwezeretsanso mabatire ogwiritsidwa ntchito, Phunzirani ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti mutsegule msika wa mabatire omwe agwiritsidwanso ntchito, ndikumanga maziko obwezeretsanso. BASC adzalimbikitsa yobwezeretsanso standardization ndi kukambirana mfundo yosavuta yobwezeretsanso batire, etc. JEMA adzakhala pamodzi kumanga yobwezeretsanso njira zogona kachitidwe zosungira lifiyamu-ion.
• Kulimbikitsa zokambirana za mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi njira zotumizira anthu zomwe zingathandize kupititsa patsogolo kupikisana kwamakampani. Ndikofunikiranso kupereka malo abwino opangira mabatire (malo otsika mtengo ndi magetsi). Kuonjezera apo, zokambirana za ndondomeko zochepetsera ndalama za magetsi ku Japan zidzalimbikitsidwa poyang'anira mtengo wamagetsi, ndi zina zotero.
• Kukonzanso malamulo oyenera (Fire Protection Act). BAJ ikukhudzidwanso ndi mapulani okambirananso zomwe zili mulamulo loteteza moto, kuphatikiza: ① zokhudzana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kuchuluka kwa batire (kuthekera kwa 4800Ah, kukonzanso malamulo amagetsi); ②Pafupi ndi kuwunikanso kutengera mawonekedwe a zida za batri. (Chifukwa chakuti pali zoopsa za chitetezo monga moto wa mabatire, Lamulo la Chitetezo cha Moto la ku Japan limaona kuti ndi katundu woopsa ndipo limayang'anira mosamalitsa kasungidwe ndi kuika mabatire. Mabatire oyenerera omwe amalamulidwa ndi "Fire Protection Law" ndi mabatire a mafakitale okhala ndi mphamvu ya 4800Ah ( ofanana ndi 17.76kWh) kapena pamwamba.
• Kugwirizana kwa hardware ndi mapulogalamu olumikizirana okhudzana ndi zida zopangira

IN CHEMIKIZANI

Kuwunika kuchokera ku mtundu watsopano wa "Battery Industry Strategy" waku Japan

1) Japan adzakhala kachiwiri kutsindika madzi lifiyamu-ion batire msika ndi kulimbikitsa mpikisano mayiko mabatire m'madera atatu otsatirawa: zisathe (Carbon footprint, yobwezeretsanso, chitetezo batire); Kusintha kwa digito (kupanga ndi chitukuko mwanzeru, kuphatikiza kwa IoT, mautumiki okhudzana ndi batri, luntha lochita kupanga) ndi kusintha kobiriwira (kukula kwa batri lolimba, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu).

2) Japan ipitiliza kukulitsa zoyesayesa zake pazantchito zamabatire olimba-boma ndi mapulani opanga zinthu zambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito mabatire olimba mu 2030.

3) Kulimbikitsa kutchuka kwa magalimoto amagetsi pamsika wapanyumba ndikuzindikira kuyika magetsi pamagalimoto onse

4) Kusamalira kukonzanso kwa batri, kupanga miyezo yobwezeretsanso, kupanga njira zobwezeretsanso, kukonza mabatire, ndi zina.

Kuchokera ku ndondomeko yamakampani a batri iyi, zikuwoneka kuti Japan yayamba kuzindikira zolakwika za ndondomeko yawo yamagetsi m'mbuyomu. Pakalipano, ndondomeko zomwe zangopangidwa kumenezi zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika zamakampani, makamaka ndondomeko zobwezeretsanso mabatire amtundu uliwonse ndi batri.