India UAV systemmalamulo,
India UAV system,

▍Kodi GOST-R Declaration ndi chiyani?

GOST-R Declaration of Conformity ndi chikalata chotsimikizira kuti katundu akutsatiridwa ndi malamulo achitetezo aku Russia. Pamene Law of Product and Certification Service idaperekedwa ndi Russian Federation mu 1995, njira yokakamiza yotsimikizira zazinthu zidayamba kugwira ntchito ku Russia. Zimafunikira kuti zinthu zonse zogulitsidwa pamsika waku Russia zisindikizidwe ndi chizindikiritso chovomerezeka cha GOST.

Monga imodzi mwa njira zovomerezera certification yovomerezeka, Gost-R Declaration of Conformity imachokera pa malipoti oyendera kapena satifiketi yoyang'anira khalidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, Declaration of Conformity ili ndi mawonekedwe kuti imatha kuperekedwa ku bungwe lovomerezeka la Russia zomwe zikutanthauza kuti wopempha (wokhala) wa satifiketiyo akhoza kukhala kampani yolembetsedwa ku Russia kapena ofesi yakunja yomwe idalembetsedwa ku Russia.

▍GOST-R Mtundu wa Chidziwitso ndi Kutsimikizika

1. SimodziSkukweraCtsimikizirani

Satifiketi yotumizira imodzi imagwira ntchito pagulu lodziwika, zomwe zafotokozedwa mumgwirizano. Zambiri zimayendetsedwa mosamalitsa, monga dzina lachinthu, kuchuluka, mafotokozedwe, mgwirizano ndi kasitomala waku Russia.

2. Cchitsimikizoe ndi chowonadi chachaka chimodzi

Chogulitsa chikapatsidwa satifiketi, opanga amatha kutumiza zinthu ku Russia mkati mwa chaka chimodzi popanda malire a nthawi yotumiza ndi kuchuluka kwa kasitomala.

3.Ctsimikizirani ndi kutsimikizika kwazaka zitatu / zisanu

Zogulitsa zikapatsidwa satifiketi, opanga amatha kutumiza zinthu ku Russia mkati mwa zaka 3 kapena 5 popanda malire a nthawi yotumiza ndi kuchuluka kwa kasitomala wina.

▍Chifukwa chiyani MCM?

●MCM ili ndi gulu la mainjiniya oti aphunzire malamulo aposachedwa aku Russia, kuwonetsetsa kuti nkhani zaposachedwa kwambiri za satifiketi ya GOST-R zitha kugawidwa molondola komanso munthawi yake kwa makasitomala.

●MCM imapanga mgwirizano wapamtima ndi bungwe la certification lomwe linakhazikitsidwa kale kwambiri m'deralo, ndikupereka chithandizo chokhazikika komanso chothandiza kwa makasitomala.

▍Kodi EAC ndi chiyani?

Malinga ndiTheZofunikira Zomwe Zimagwirizana ndi Malamulo a Malamulo a Zaumisiri a Kazakhstan, Belarus ndi Russian Federationlomwe ndi pangano losainidwa ndi Russia, Belarus ndi Kazakhstan pa October 18 2010, Komiti Union Forodha adzakhala kudzipereka kwa kupanga yunifolomu muyezo ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha mankhwala. Chitsimikizo chimodzi chimagwira ntchito m'maiko atatu, omwe amapanga chiphaso cha Russia-Belarus-Kazakhstan CU-TR chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha yunifolomu EAC. Lamuloli liyamba kugwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono kuyambira pa February 15^th2013. Mu January 2015, dziko la Armenia ndi Kyrgyzstan linalowa m’gulu la Customs Union.

▍CU-TR Mtundu wa Sitifiketi ndi Kutsimikizika

1. SimodziSkukweraCtsimikizirani

Satifiketi yotumizira imodzi imagwira ntchito pagulu lodziwika, zomwe zafotokozedwa mumgwirizano. Zambiri zimayendetsedwa mosamalitsa, monga dzina lachinthu, kuchuluka, mgwirizano wamatchulidwe ndi kasitomala waku Russia. Mukafunsira satifiketi, palibe zitsanzo zomwe zimafunsidwa kuti mupereke koma zikalata ndi zambiri zimafunikira.

1. Ctsimikiziranindikutsimikizikazachaka chimodzi

Zogulitsa zikapatsidwa satifiketi, opanga amatha kutumiza zinthu ku Russia mkati mwa chaka chimodzi popanda malire a nthawi yotumiza ndi kuchuluka kwake.

1. Chiphaso chotsimikizika chaatatuchakas

Zogulitsa zikapatsidwa satifiketi, opanga amatha kutumiza zinthu ku Russia mkati mwa zaka zitatu popanda malire a nthawi yotumiza ndi kuchuluka kwake.

1. Satifiketi yokhala ndi zaka zisanu

Chogulitsa chikapatsidwa satifiketi, opanga amatha kutumiza zinthu ku Russia mkati mwa zaka 5 popanda malire a nthawi yotumiza ndi kuchuluka kwake.

▍Chifukwa chiyani MCM?

●MCM ili ndi gulu la akatswiri a injiniya kuti aphunzire malamulo atsopano okhudzana ndi ziphaso za mgwirizano, komanso kupereka ntchito zotsatiridwa ndi polojekiti, kuwonetsetsa kuti malonda a makasitomala amalowa bwino m'deralo.

●Zinthu zambiri zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa kudzera m'makampani a batri zimathandiza MCM kupereka chithandizo choyenera komanso chotsika mtengo kwa kasitomala.

●MCM imapanga mgwirizano wapafupi ndi mabungwe okhudzidwa ndi malo, kuonetsetsa kuti zaposachedwapa za certification CU-TR zimagawidwa molondola komanso panthawi yake ndi makasitomala.

Ministry of Civil Aviation of India idalengeza mwalamulo "Unmanned Aircraft System Rules 2021" (The Unmanned Aircraft System Rules, 2021) pa Marichi 12, 2021 yomwe ikuyang'aniridwa ndi Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) . Chidule cha malamulowa ndi awa:
Ndikoyenera kuti anthu ndi makampani apeze chilolezo kuchokera ku DGCA kuti atenge, Kupanga, Kugulitsa, Kuwena kapena Kugwiritsira Ntchito Ma drones.
Palibe Chilolezo- Ndondomeko Yopanda Kunyamuka (NPNT) yavomerezedwa ku UAS onse kupatula omwe ali mugulu la nano.
Micro ndi yaing'ono ya UAS saloledwa kuwuluka pamwamba pa 60m ndi 120m, motsatana.
Ma UAS onse, kupatula gulu la nano, akuyenera kukhala ndi magetsi akuthwanima oletsa kugundana, kuthekera kodula mitengo ya ndege, transponder yachiwiri ya radar, njira yolondolera nthawi yeniyeni ndi njira yopewera kugunda kwa 360, pakati pa ena.
Ma UAS onse kuphatikiza gulu la nano, akuyenera kukhala ndi Global Navigation Satellite System, Autonomous Flight Termination System kapena Njira Yobwerera Kunyumba, kuthekera kwa geo-fence ndi wowongolera ndege, pakati pa ena.
UAS yoletsedwa kuwuluka m'malo oyenera komanso ovuta, kuphatikiza pafupi ndi ma eyapoti, mabwalo a ndege achitetezo, madera amalire, malo ankhondo/malo opangira zida ndi madera omwe Unduna wa Zam'kati mwanyumba umayikidwa ngati malo oyenera.
Nano, ntchito zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono za UAS zongokhala mkati mwa mzere wowonekera ndipo ndizoletsedwa kutumiza katundu.
Mabungwe ofufuza ndi chitukuko (R&D), kuphatikiza oyambitsa, opanga ovomerezeka a UAS, bungwe lililonse lovomerezeka la maphunziro apamwamba lomwe lili ku India, amaloledwa kuchita R&D ya UAS pokhapokha atalandira chilolezo kuchokera ku DGCA.
Zilango zoyambira pakati pa ma rupees zikwi khumi ndi laki imodzi kwa munthu payekha, ndipo kwa mabungwe, zitha kukhala 200% mpaka 400% ya ndalama zomwe zaperekedwa kwa munthu payekhapayekha, malinga ndi kukula kwa bungwe.